Support More Linux (#18480)

- Add `script/build-docker`
- Add `script/install-cmake`
- Add `script/install-mold`
- Improve `script/linux` 
  - Add missing dependencies: `jq`, `git`, `tar`, `gzip` as required.
  - Add check for mold
  - Fix Redhat 8.x derivatives (RHEL, Centos, Almalinux, Rocky, Oracle, Amazon)
  - Fix perl libs to be Fedora only
  - Install the best `libstdc++` available on apt distros
  - ArchLinux: run `pacman -Syu` to update repos before installing. 
  - Should work on Raspbian (untested) 

This make it possible to test builds on other distros using docker:
```
./script/build-docker amazonlinux:2023
```

Dockerfile-distros

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+
+ARG BASE_IMAGE
+FROM ${BASE_IMAGE}
+WORKDIR /app
+ARG TZ=Etc/UTC \
+    LANG=C.UTF-8 \
+    LC_ALL=C.UTF-8 \
+    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+ENV CARGO_TERM_COLOR=always
+
+COPY script/linux script/
+RUN ./script/linux
+COPY script/install-mold script/install-cmake script/
+RUN ./script/install-mold "2.34.0"
+RUN ./script/install-cmake "3.30.4"
+
+COPY . .
+
+# When debugging, make these into individual RUN statements.
+# Cleanup to avoid saving big layers we aren't going to use.
+RUN . "$HOME/.cargo/env" \
+    && cargo fetch \
+    && cargo build \
+    && cargo run -- --help \
+    && cargo clean --quiet