Support More Linux (#18480)

- Add `script/build-docker`
- Add `script/install-cmake`
- Add `script/install-mold`
- Improve `script/linux` 
  - Add missing dependencies: `jq`, `git`, `tar`, `gzip` as required.
  - Add check for mold
  - Fix Redhat 8.x derivatives (RHEL, Centos, Almalinux, Rocky, Oracle, Amazon)
  - Fix perl libs to be Fedora only
  - Install the best `libstdc++` available on apt distros
  - ArchLinux: run `pacman -Syu` to update repos before installing. 
  - Should work on Raspbian (untested) 

This make it possible to test builds on other distros using docker:
```
./script/build-docker amazonlinux:2023
```

script/install-mold

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ MOLD_REPO="${MOLD_REPO:-https://github.com/rui314/mold}"
 MOLD_URL="${MOLD_URL:-$MOLD_REPO}/releases/download/v$MOLD_VERSION/mold-$MOLD_VERSION-$(uname -m)-linux.tar.gz"
 
 echo "Downloading from $MOLD_URL"
-curl --location --show-error --output - --retry 3 --retry-delay 5 "$MOLD_URL" \
+curl -fsSL --output - "$MOLD_URL" \
     | $SUDO tar -C /usr/local --strip-components=1 --no-overwrite-dir -xzf -
 
 # Note this binary depends on the system libatomic.so.1 which is usually