Bump tree-sitter and related core language parser libraries (#14986)

Closes https://github.com/zed-industries/zed/issues/4565

To fix issues with code blocks' parsing in Markdown, a
tree-sitter-markdown library update is needed.
But `tree_sitter::language` is used in many places within core Zed,
which forced more library updates.

Release Notes:

- Updated tree-sitter parsers for core languages

---------

Co-authored-by: Max Brunsfeld <max@zed.dev>
Co-authored-by: Piotr Osiewicz <piotr@zed.dev>

crates/languages/src/markdown-inline/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+name = "Markdown-Inline"
+grammar = "markdown-inline"
+path_suffixes = []
+word_characters = ["-"]
+brackets = [
+    { start = "{", end = "}", close = true, newline = true },
+    { start = "[", end = "]", close = true, newline = true },
+    { start = "(", end = ")", close = true, newline = true },
+    { start = "<", end = ">", close = true, newline = true },
+    { start = "\"", end = "\"", close = false, newline = false },
+    { start = "'", end = "'", close = false, newline = false },
+    { start = "`", end = "`", close = false, newline = false },
+]
+
+tab_size = 2

crates/languages/src/markdown-inline/highlights.scm

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+(emphasis) @emphasis
+(strong_emphasis) @emphasis.strong
+(code_span) @text.literal
+(link_text) @link_text
+(link_label) @link_text
+(link_destination) @link_uri