Pull app / OS info out of GPUI, add Linux information, make fallible window initialization (#12869)

TODO:
- [x] Finish GPUI changes on other operating systems 

This is a largely internal change to how we report data to our
diagnostics and telemetry. This PR also includes an update to our blade
backend which allows us to report errors in a more useful way when
failing to initialize blade.


Release Notes:

- N/A

---------

Co-authored-by: Conrad Irwin <conrad.irwin@gmail.com>

crates/gpui/src/app/async_context.rs

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ impl AsyncAppContext {
             .upgrade()
             .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("app was released"))?;
         let mut lock = app.borrow_mut();
-        Ok(lock.open_window(options, build_root_view))
+        lock.open_window(options, build_root_view)
     }
 
     /// Schedule a future to be polled in the background.